Repeal The Dream Act Of State Tuition Rates At Public...

The first state to adopt a law allowing undocumented immigrants to pay in-state tuition rates at public universities was Texas. This law is so-called â€Å"The Dream Act.† To qualify for this act an immigrant student must have graduated high school or received a GED in Texas, must live in the state for three years, and sign an affidavit confirming that they are seeking legal residency. According to the Education Commission of the States, since 2001, Washington, Utah, Oklahoma, New York, New Mexico, Kansas, Illinois, and California have adopted similar laws. Some conservative Texas legislators have filed to repeal The Dream Act. Their opinion is that it is unfair to legal U.S. citizens from other states that are required to pay out-of-state tuition. This act also requires taxpayers to pay higher education costs for undocumented immigrants. Others argue that many come to America through no choice because their parents illegally came to the country. They believe it is unfair to p unish the students for their parents’ decisions. Bills that have tried to take away the Texas Dream Act have failed thus far. (Tribpedia: Dream Act | The Texas Tribune. The Texas Tribune. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 July 2015.)1 The U.S. federal government has been leading in immigration policy. During this time, the Supreme Court and Congress have also granted states to regulate the lives and living conditions of immigrants within their borders. The states can regulate health and welfare services and businessShow MoreRelatedImmigration : A Nation Of Immigrants937 Words   |  4 Pagesbroken immigration system which has become so cruel and unfair to businesses, workers, and families alike. President Obama strives to fix the United States’ many economic and social problems with his immigration reform. This plan, which promises temporary citizenship to qualifying immigrants, has put a strain in the relationship between the national and state governments. Texas’ current governor Greg Abbott is currently taking legal action against President Obama’s administration, he argues that PresidentRead MoreThe United States And The Civil Rights Movement903 Words   |  4 Pagesnationality a quota, which restricted immigration on the basis of existing proportions of the population due to its representation in past U.S. census figures. The goal of the quota system was to maintain the existing ethnic composition of the United States. However, the Civil Rights Movement’s focus on equal treatment regardless of race or ethnicity led to many to view the system as discrimination. Many politicians agreed with the unethical dilemma and on July 23, 1963 President John F. Kennedy addressedRead MoreThe Current Makeup Of The Texas Dream Act1238 Words   |  5 Pagesstatus quo, is to not repeal or change the current makeup of the Texas Dream Act. Texas awards around $9 million in grants and scholarships, which are paid from the appropriations made by the legislature every two years. This might seem like a large amount but that cost is merely a fraction of the net profit the states makes off of undocumented students paying tuition at universities across the state. By not changing th e policy Texas would expect to attain $56.1 million in tuition revenue from the undocumentedRead MoreDream Act Of Texas : The Lone Star State2812 Words   |  12 PagesDREAM ACT IN TEXAS Texas, the lone star state is considered the second largest state in the United States of America. It is also the second most populous state, located in the South Central part of the Unites States. According to the 2010 U.S census, Texas has a population of 25.1 million inhabitants. Hence, there has been an increase of 4.3 million people since the year 2000 to 2010. This can be traced down to higher maternity rate over the rate of mortality, net immigration and immigration as wellRead MoreBarack Clinton And Donald Trump Essay2000 Words   |  8 PagesOn November 8th of the year 2016 is the day we will find out who our new president will be. The candidates with the higher percentage of becoming president of the United States of America are Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump. As of today, these candidates are in a tough tie. Both Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump have similar and opposite issues with America. These two candidates have been through a very irrational presidential campaign due to Hillary’s accusation on some very confidential emailsRead MoreImmigration Reform1897 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ In this paper I will discuss how the United States needs a new immigration policy that is based less on wishful thinking and more on realism. Spending vast sums of money trying to enforce arbitrary numerical limits on immigration that bear no relationship to economic reality is a fool’s errand. We need flexible limits on immigration that rise and fall with U.S. labor demand, coupled with strict enforcement of tough wage and labor laws that protectRead MoreWhich Interest Rate Will Win?3525 Words   |  15 Pagesbloodhound vs. 3.86% chihuahua: Which interest rate will win? My dad used to say, Son, the best treasure you can get is your education, because you can never lose what was planted in your head. Surely, education is the best investment a man can have. Education brings freedom, and while money doesn t buy happiness, freedom does. We all have dreams, we all know what we want to do, and education is the best way to help a man realizing his dream and bringing him freedom. As president Lyndon B.

Egypt And Inca Comparative Essay - 915 Words

Egypt and Inca Comparative Essay Ancient civilizations offer historical insights into the past that uncover mysteries unbeknownst to many and the discoveries, are fascinating to say the least. Two states in particular that peaked my interest were Egypt and the Inca Empire. Egypt offers insight to a civilization beginning in the predynastic period through periods of integration and into periods of collapse, roughly 4500 B.C. to 712 B.C. The Inca Empire occurred much later, during the 15th century. Regardless, both civilizations were innovated by their own fashion and both contributed to impacting future civilizations. The Inca Empire was known as Tawantinsuyu, â€Å"The Four Parts Together† and thrived for over a century, binding together a far-reaching domain under the royal Inca residing in the capital city of Cuzco (Chazan 2014:382). This vast multiethnic region spanned from Ecuador to northern Chile, encompassing heterogeneous regions of the pacific coast dry desert, interm ountain valley and tropical lowlands of the Amazon. The population is estimated to have been over 12 million during the empires rule. Large cities, an extensive and sophisticated road network, a record keeping system known as Khipu and a multi-level hierarchy were all attributes of the Inca empire. The Inca Empire was heavily rooted and influenced by the Wari civilization in reference to the road and agricultural system. The Inca took this technology, up- scaling it and building on their knowledge. TheShow MoreRelatedInstitution as the Fundamental Cause of Long Tern Growth39832 Words   |  160 Pagesof scale, education, capital accumulation etc.) are not causes of growth; they are growth† (italics in original). Factor accumulation and innovation are only proximate causes of growth. In North and Thomas’s view, the fundamental explanation of comparative growth is diï ¬â‚¬erences in institutions. What are institutions exactly? North (1990, p. 3) oï ¬â‚¬ers the followin g deï ¬ nition: â€Å"Institutions are the rules of the game in a society or, more formally, are the humanly devised constraints that shape human interaction

Discuss the importance of Roman construction Free Essays

Roman architecture is a fusion of Etruscan elements and traditional Greek. Horizontal beams are supported by columns and arches are developed. The arch is further developed into dome. We will write a custom essay sample on Discuss the importance of Roman construction or any similar topic only for you Order Now The basic building materials are stones, highly expensive marble and developed concrete. Colorful chips of stone inset into the cement are widely in vogue. One can see in Roman homes mural decorating floors, grottoes in geometric and pictorial designs, on walls. Different regional tastes, choice of the patrons dominates the scene of Roman Architecture. It goes to the credit of Roman Engineering that concrete for building practices is adopted The style relating to designing and construction of the domes, can still be seen in North America and throughout Europe. The finest example of Roman Architecture is the Roman Colosseum, the well-known amphitheatre in the world. It is also known as Amphitheatrum Flavium, after the dynasty of Flavian. â€Å"Construction was initiated by the Emperor Vespasian around 72 AD. His son Titus reigned over its completion and the official opening ceremonies, about 8 years later, in 80 AD. The huge theater was originally built encompassing four floors. The first three had arched entrances, while the fourth floor utilized rectangular doorways. The floors each measured between 10, 5-13, 9 meters (32-42 feet) in height. The total height of the construction was approximately 48 meters (144 feet). The arena measured 79 x 45 meters (237-135 feet), and consisted of wood and sand. Nets along the sides protected the audience. † (The Colosseum ) The spectator capacity is between 45,000-55,000. Travertine is outside, and tufa and brick in the interior. Each marble block used for the main pedestal weighs 11,000 pounds. They are held together by metal pins. Later mortar is used, when thieves strike to remove the metal pins. The total amount of marble devolved in the construction is approximately 100,000 cubic metes. The numbers of entrances are 80, 76 for the general spectators and 4 for the VIPs and the gladiators. For the audience, the first row is throne-types seat with backs. These are also the seats of honor. Women, when permitted to attend the programs, sit in a separate section. Upper diazomata seats are reserved for foreigners. The architectural design is so imaginative and great from the point of view of light that no artificial lighting is necessary, as the performances are held during the day. Sound effects are, however, used. The Pantheon-temple of all Gods: According t Michelangelo, Pantheon is â€Å"angelic and not human design. † The present Pantheon is about 1900 years old . Many legends prevail regarding the earlier structures of Pantheon. This is planned and designed by Hadrian, in 120 AD. â€Å"His plans called for a structure with three main parts: a pronaos or entrance portico, a circular domed rotunda or vault, and a connection between the two. The rotunda’s internal geometry would create a perfect sphere, since the height of the rotunda to the top of its dome would match its diameter: 142 feet (43. 30 m). At its top, the dome would have an oculus or eye, a circular opening, with a diameter of 27 feet (8. 2m), as its only light source. † (Parker–) Many imaginative and spiritual ideas are experimented on the design of this structure. This is conceived to be the sanctuary of all Gods. Timber forms layered with pozzolana cement are used in the foundation of the structure. This cement is made by grinding together lime and a volcanic product of Italy. The structure is supported by 16 gray granite columns. Each is 39 feet (11. 8 m) tall, five feet (1. 5 m) in diameter, and 60 tons in weight. The dome is constructed in tapering course. The base is 20 feet and thinnest at the oculus, 7. 5 feet. Pantheon is one of the marvels of the engineering skill, as this structure, with the awesome dome span, built on marshy land, is still perfect after the lapse of 2000 years. â€Å"The technical details are as under: Built: 120-126 AD under Emperor Hadrian, Foundation: 24†² thick at base and steps to 21†² at ground level, Rotunda: concrete, 20†² thick; 142†² diameter, Oculus: concrete: 7. 5†² thick; 27†² diameter, Interior Columns: 3†² diameter, 29†² tall topped with a Corinthian capital, of 4†² totaling 32†² 9†³ tall, 25 tons each, Portico: 16 granite columns 39†² tall, 5†² diameter, 60 tons each. † (Parker–) Other Roman Engineering skills to improve the lifestyles: Roman aqueduct at Segovia: Water supply to the entire city of Rome is done through using a system of 4=640 kilometers of aqueducts. The aqueduct at Segovia in Spain is one such creation of the engineering skill of Romans. The system stands the test of time. Many roads in Western Europe built with Roman engineering skills are still in use. The baths at Bath, England are used now also. The churches, palaces and lighthouses built by Romans are currently in use. The Hadrian’s Wall built in an inhospitable part of England is an engineering marvel. It is 117 kilometers long and in some areas, 6 meters high and 3 meters thick. This wall is built to protect soldiers from the onslaught of wind and cold. The forts can hold up to 1000 men. The facilities like washrooms and toilets are adequate. The wall has stood the test of time, though poorly maintained, and the precious marble part of it are removed and utilized for private use by the unscrupulous farmers. Roman houses for the rich are single-story houses, built around an atrium. â€Å"Beyond an atrium was a second open courtyard known as a peristylum. This area included a garden and it also had rooms opening up off of it. In the homes of the wealthy, the gardens served as a meeting point so they were designed to be shady and comfortable so that people could meet in them regardless of whether the sun was fierce. † (Roman) One of the famous houses where Roman mosaic has been extensively used is Fishbourne Palace in West Sussex. A unique under floor heating known as hypocaust is used to keep the houses warm. Architecture and the Engineering skill to execute a perfect project are alternative beats of the same heart—and Romans have many standing witnesses to prove this point. How to cite Discuss the importance of Roman construction, Papers

UC personal statement free essay sample

My family still live in the Philippines. I was still in 6th grade back then when my mom collapse one day when she is at a gathering in her friends house. She was pale and was like a white lady, because she is wearing white that day. She was sent to the hospital immediately. She underwent blood transfusion and a little IV therapy. The doctor prescribed her a medication for anemia. My mom is back to normal after a few days and returned to her daily routines. We too all thought that it will be the last of it or so we thought.My dad is as a merchant marine, so he is not always around. The only ones that are around the house are my mom and my elder sisters. I like listening to music and watch a lot of cartoons. I was just a kid living in a normal family. We will write a custom essay sample on UC personal statement or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But then, me and my elder sister noticed something off. My mom had a frequent headache and her personality changes. She sometimes became irrational and acted like a child. She also began neglected her responsibility and and her personal hygiene. We thought that she is becoming a deranged person so we consulted a to a psychiatrist. After a series of examination, the doctor cant seem to find any irregularities in her mental health. As I began getting alarmed at my moms condition my sister comforted me, â€Å"Dont worry, well find ways to cure mom.†. After that, my mom got examined at a University Hospital near our area. She underwent a CT scan to examine her brain. The result of the diagnose was brain tumor, it was caused by an abnormal growth of tissue in the brain. It is said that some tumors can be cancerous (malignant) or noncancerous (benign). Thankfully, her case is not a malignant type. It is also a good thing that my dad is member of a seamen union and has an insurance for our family so we didnt have any financial problems.I continued studying like usual, because I didnt want to cause more trouble to my elder sister and my father who is still overseas because of work. I suppressed my anxiety and just prayed fervently. As the day of the operation arrived, I stayed home and call other elder sister who is the one who stayed in the hospital every 30 minutes or so. I cant calm down that day. I always imagined the worst case scenario that can during the operation. Then I got a call from my sis after several hours of impatiently waiting for the news. â€Å"It was a success!† she exclaimed. My mother woke up few hours after the surgery and seemed okay. The next day, I visited my mom in the ICU in order to congratulate her for the success of the operation. I wasnt able to kiss or hug her because of safety issues, but I was glad that the operationis a success.After that, Me and my sis went to see the tumor that the neurosurgeon got in my moms head. It was about the size of an onion and reddish in color. Instead of getting fazed by it, I was astonished by the sight of it. Maybe it was because I watched too much gore movies that made me not to grossed out by it. I was also amazed by the doctor and made me want to see him but I wasnt able to. My mom was discharged from the hospital after two weeks of the operation. She was able to move normally, but the effects of the tumor is still can be clearly seen. But she was improving little by little. Watching my mom recovering made me happy and made me thinking of wanting to become a doctor.I became more studious ever since I realized my aspiration of becoming a doctor. Reading is the one thing I hated the most in the past. A few paragraph of sentences always make me wanting to sleep. But ever since I became interested in the field of science and I also started to read a lot more. Starting from the science books with a lot of illustrations until I got used to reading books with massive wall of text in it. I also develop a habit of reading every thing, like posters in the street or ingredients in a shampoo bottle, just to get every bit of information inside my little head.

AIDS II Essays - HIVAIDS, HIV, Signs And Symptoms Of HIVAIDS, Virus

AIDS II AIDS - What's new ? ------------------- Is the message getting through? We already know enough about AIDS to prevent its spread, but ignorance, complacency, fear and bigotry continue to stop many from taking adequate precautions. We know enough about how the infection is transmitted to protect ourselves from it without resorting to such extremes as mandatory testing, enforced quarantine or total celibacy. But too few people are heeding the AIDS message. Perhaps many simply don't like or want to believe what they hear, preferring to think that AIDS "can't happen to them." Experts repeatedly remind us that infective agents do not discriminate, but can infect any and everyone. Like other communicable diseases, AIDS can strike anyone. It is not necessarily confined to a few high-risk groups. We must all protect ourselves from this infection and teach our children about it in time to take effective precautions. Given the right measures, no one need get AIDS. The pandemic co ntinues: ----------------------- Many of us have forgotten about the virulence of widespread epidemics, such as the 1917/18 influenza pandemic which killed over 21 million people, including 50,000 Canadians. Having been lulled into false security by modern antibiotics and vaccines about our ability to conquer infections, the Western world was ill prepared to cope with the advent of AIDS in 1981. (Retro- spective studies now put the first reported U.S. case of AIDS as far back as 1968.) The arrival of a new and lethal virus caught us off guard. Research suggests that the agent responsible for AIDS probably dates from the 1950s, with a chance infection of humans by a modified Simian virus found in African green monkeys. Whatever its origins, scientists surmise that the disease spread from Africa to the Caribbean and Europe, then to the U.S. Current estimates are that 1.5 to 2 million Americans are now probably HIV carriers, with higher numbers in Central Africa and parts of the Carib bean. Recapping AIDS - the facts: --------------------------- AIDS is an insidious, often fatal but less contagious disease than measles, chicken pox or hepatitis B. AIDS is thought to be caused primarily by a virus that invades white blood cells (lymphocytes) - especially T4-lymphocytes or T-helper cells - and certain other body cells, including the brain. In 1983 and 1984, French and U.S. researchers independently identified the virus believed to cause AIDS as an unusual type of slow-acting retrovirus now called "human immunodeficiency virus" or HIV. Like other viruses, HIV is basically a tiny package of genes. But being a retrovirus, it has the rare capacity to copy and insert its genes right into a human cell's own chromo- somes (DNA). Once inside a human host cell the retrovirus uses its own enzyme, reverse transcriptase, to copy its genetic code into a DNA molecule which is then incorporated into the host's DNA. The virus becomes an integral part of the person's body, and is subject to control mechanisms by which it can be switched "on" or "off". But the viral DNA may sit hidden and inactive within human cells for years, until some trigger stimulates it to replicate. Thus HIV may not produce illness until its genes are "turned on" five, ten, fifteen or perhaps more years after the initial infection. During the latent period, HIV carriers who harbour the virus without any sign of illness can unknowingly infect others. On average, the dormant virus seems to be triggered into action three to six years after first invading human cells. When switched on, viral replication may speed along, producing new viruses that destroy fresh lymphocytes. As viral replication spreads, the lymphocyte destruction virtually sabotages the entire immune system. In essence, HIV viruses do not kill people, they merely render the immune system defenceless against other "opportunistic: infections, e.g. yeast invasions, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr infections, m assive herpes infections, special forms of pneumonia (Pneumocystis carinii - the killer in half of all AIDS patients), and otherwise rare malignant tumours (such as Kaposi's sarcoma.) Cofactors may play a crucial contributory role: ----------------------------------------------- What prompts the dormant viral genes suddenly to burst into action and start destroying the immune system is one os the central unsolved challenges about AIDS. Some scientists speculate that HIV

Marketing Strategies Liberia

Marketing Strategies Liberia Liberia is one of the world’s poorest countries with a gross domestic product of less than $1000 per capita. Many of the country’s economic misfortunes can be attributed to the first Liberian Civil war that lasted between 1989 and 1996. These civil wars resulted to many investors fleeing the country but a change in the political and economic structures has seen some of these investors slowly tripling back to the country (Wodon, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Marketing Strategies: Liberia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The installation of a democratically elected government has to a great extent enabled the country to recover from some of the effects of the civil war. However, the country is still clearly reeling from the effects of this war. Despite the fact that Liberia is indeed one of the world’s poorest countries, the country boasts of several export products that have over the yea rs comprised the backbone of its economy. Liberia’s mainly deals in exporting rubber that accounts for 65% of all exports. Other export products include diamonds, gold, and iron (Wodon, 2012). The country’s major export destinations are the United States, Europe, and the Middle East.  Liberia is mostly covered by arable land with agriculture being one of the core economic activities in the country. Despite this fact, Liberia is still grappling with land tenure issues where land tenure and security issues arising from the civil war are yet to be addressed. The relevant authorities tasked with the responsibility of addressing several land issues such as the Department of Lands, Survey and Cartography, and the Centre for National Documents and Records Agency have to contend with various land verification and management issues that can be attributed to the destruction of relevant land records during the civil war (International Monetary Fund, 2007). Similar to other poor countries globally, Liberia faces a huge unemployment rate. The unemployment rate measures the total number of citizens who are seeking for employment in relation to the entire workforce in the country. The trend taken by Liberia’s unemployment rate is a direct reflection of the political and economic misfortunes that the country has faced. The average unemployment rate in Liberia between 1980 and 2010 stood at 11.25% (International Monetary Fund, 2012). However, concerted efforts towards good governance and sound economic practices have resulted in this rate falling steeply from an average of 11.25 between 1980 and 2010 to 3.70 in 2010 (International Monetary Fund, 2012). This trend in unemployment can be attributed to the civil war that resulted in the destruction of many pillars of the economy. The recent fall in this rate can be attributed to the new political and economic structures that have been put in place to deliberately stimulate development.  The education leve l in Liberia can be inferred from the country’s literacy rates.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In 2010, there was a 60.8% literacy rate (Watkins, 2007). This figure is relatively high as compared to the literacy rates during the civil war periods. Liberia’s education system also offers free primary and secondary education to the students and this has served to increase the country’s literacy rates (Watkins, 2007). There are various economic strategies that might result to a firm investment in the Liberian economy. Companies wishing to establish operations in Liberia can be attracted by the socio-cultural aspects of the country, which promotes good co-existence between members from various local and international communities. The good political climate has existed in the country since the installation of the country’s first democratical ly elected government and this trend has been maintained by the subsequent governing authorities, which have all ensured that elections in the country are peaceful (Johnson, 2004). Improved economic practices were instituted by subsequent governments and were all aimed at encouraging investment and development in the country (Johnson, 2004). The first strategy that is globalisation might see a vehicle manufacturing firm such as General Motors setting up operations in Liberia as a marketing strategy to enhance its presence in the market and market its products. The localization strategy might see a multinational firm such as Unilever set up a firm in Liberia with an aim of introducing its products to the market and establishing a market niche through customisation of products. This is whereby products offered are tailored to cater for the specific market requirements. The third strategy that is the transnational strategy seeks to establish operations in a foreign country while mainta ining the head office in the parent country of the country. Such a strategy might see a company such as Coca-Cola establish operation in Liberia to take advantage of the huge market offered by the country’s population, the relative stable political climate, and the enhanced political and economic structures meant to stimulate economic development. The fourth and final strategy is international strategy. An international strategy seeks to diversify the market for the goods or services offered by the firm. Such a strategy might see a multinational organisation such as Hewlett-Packard establish operations in Liberia in order to facilitate an expansion of its global market presence.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Marketing Strategies: Liberia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References International Monetary Fund. (2007). Liberia: Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper. Washington: International Monetary Fund . International Monetary Fund. (2012). Liberia: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Second Annual Progress Report, 2009-10. Washington: International Monetary Fund. Johnson, T. C. (2004). Education and Social Change in Liberia: New Perspectives for the 21st Century. London: Author House. Watkins, S. R. (2007). Liberia Communication. London: Author House. Wodon, Q. (2011). Poverty and the Response to the Economic Crisis in Liberia. New York: World Bank Press.

Culture In Australian Universities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Culture In Australian Universities - Essay Example From my point of view, this culture is widely based on inquisitiveness that involves the search of information on almost everything regardless of its importance to the students. This comes in the perspective of practical use and application. This phenomenon has made it difficult for thousands of students in Australia to cope up with its demands. The kind of rampant interest that comes along with the curiosity has called upon the emergence of innovative and inventive aspects among students from a varied perspective. Many people have also come to criticize the innate curiosity behavior, though it has over the years been linked with advantageous aspects like the development of involving disciplines. This is in the field of biotechnology, computer science and nuclear physics that demand immense research and involvement in an aspect that most Australian universities have come to blend into. The latter culture unlike in other regions calls for a lot of critical thinking. Despite the fact that academic works in universities having to be built through a lot of involving processes. The same calls for immense adaptation to rational argument developments, testing and observations with support and evidence forming a core to almost any academic work done. Such kind of a culture is always rampant not only in Australian universities but in almost any university, with a strong reliance on intuition, unsupported opinions from a personal perspective or hearsay aspects being shunned with immense energies. Australia is well known as a good university study destination especially for the English Speaking states. Currently, more than two hundred thousand international students are enrolled in all universities across Australia. It is essential to comprehend that universities have their particular culture and adjusting to the universities culture usually takes a lot of effort and time. In studying both Australian and International first year students, it is evident that most of these students lack the experience needed in critical reading, appropriate citing and complete understanding of the academic games. Although most students do not provide information about the difficulties associated with settling in universities especially during the first year, enough contests have been organized and incredible information acquired. It is essential to have the university management have complete involvement in the entire process of settling down especially in the case of international students. In this research paper, a lot of information will be provided regarding the varied ways in which different students adapt to the university’s culture and the methods used in avoiding difficult experiences. One main factor that students should fight to overcome in their initial university years is culture shock. This phenomenon includes experiences related to transitions that are encountered by various individuals due to inability of using familiar or well-known cultures in the universities. These cultures could be used to convey, validate, reference and understand key aspects included in a culture and as used in identifying others. The impacts of culture shock are caused by continued or rather prolonged periods of conflicting self or personal ideas since the cultures are not well identified. Among the many difficulties are those

Predictably Irrational Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Predictably Irrational - Research Paper Example As a philosophical example, one could agree that there are many religions. Most all of them profess faith in God or a god, and yet none of them can completely agree on a universal doctrine which clearly expresses shared values. If that is not an example of people being predictably irrational, there are certainly more examples to follow. However, that is just an idea to illustrate the point that there can be many different viewpoints, but only one truth viewed from multiple avenues. These truths certainly stem from pluralism, as, we live in a pluralistic society to be sure in the 21st century all around the globe. Also, the fact that Cartesian dualism plays a major role in making this cliche of â€Å"predictably irrational† a phrase which some people may regard with diffidence—one naturally distrusts conflicting ontological meanings, when they can coexist together as a phrase and make sense. II. Thesis (90 words) No doubt, it is difficult to accurately pinpoint this seem ingly cliche phrase describing someone who is predictably irrational. Although somewhat of an unusual phrase, one person can completely be irrational as well as predictably so. This extended definition, if you will, is going to be broken up into manageable sections t oread. Predictable irrationality will be proven by: giving an extended definition of predictability; what predictability is not; what irrationality is; what an extended definition of rationality is; and, finally, what is the definition of someone who is predictably irrational. III. The Nature of Predictability Part I (115 words) To introduce the idea of predictability, predictability is usually the assumption that a pattern is set. People count on predictability—the prediction that the stock market will rise, that the sun will rise in the east and set in the west, and that they will have three square meals per day. Predictability governs the land. Schedules, timetables, and clocks dictate where we are and what we do, most of the time. Predictability itself is cliche. â€Å"[W]e might adjust our definition and instead term cliche a predictable or unoriginal turn of phrase or action.†1 This is why predictability would fit in so well with the idea of irrationality—but more on that point later soon ahead. IV. The Nature of Predictability Part II (85 words) Another issue that concerns predictability is that something or someone predictable is never vague or indeterminate. â€Å"The existence of widespread predictability is a potential embarrassment to claims of radical indeterminacy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 2 Thus, the very nature of predictability is one’s ability to describe what is going to happen when. Predictability directly contradicts unpredictability precisely because of the fact that it leads to concrete evidence of forming types of patterns. When something is unpredictable, it has the tendency to be vague. This leads us to our next point. V. The Nature of Unpredictability (10 0 words) Unpredictability is, by its very nature, in contra of predictability. However, by studying what unpredictability is, we can find out more about predictability. Unpredictability is precluded by the inability to be predictable. Thus, surprises become commonplace. There are no patterns, everything is in flux, constantly. Now, if everything was that unpredictable in the world, think about how horrible

Effectiveness of Internet and electronic communiation policy against Essay

Effectiveness of Internet and electronic communiation policy against Canadians - Essay Example Therefore, Canada's place in the world economy requires the best use of ICT and this paper will attempt to study policies, information, and services that relate to Canada and the various benefits that can be derived from use of ICT. With the ability of Canadians to communicate worldwide, new problems arise and innovative solutions are necessary. Rapid developments in telecommunications require new communications and digital and analog systems technologies. Innovations in applied science, particularly in computer systems and applications, are necessary due to economic factors in Canada, which, together with other major countries of the world, are in turmoil. Ryerson University, based in Toronto, is involved in research in all areas of communication. Information and communications technology adoption has been necessary, and ongoing research is investigating the organizational and social implications of what can be called "anytime, anywhere computing" (Ryerson, 2006). This paper will attempt to study the policies, information and services put in place by private and public means and determine the ways in which Canadians can benefit from ongoing global communications systems. Before individuals can access the Internet, they need a service provider (ISP). The purpose of the ISP is to have some economic control over individual Internet use. But once the connection is made, the Internet has expanded to a point where individuals can interact online and offer opinions, suggestions, and product promotions, as well as personal movies, on sites such as MySpace and YouTube, and the Stock Market in Toronto is able to use mobile phones to buy and sell stocks. In fact, it is now possible to hold a global communications command center in one's hand, with voice mail, text mail, caller ID, video, a news banner, and music available 24-7. In addition, the Internet offers online banking and online shopping. There are many ways to go online, but once connected to an ISP, most everyone has Internet Explorer or a facsimile as a method of connecting to different sites online. The major search engine online is Google, with competition from Yahoo, and Ask.com. With so much onli ne freedom, policies are necessary to offer guidelines and easy safe access for Canadian users. Technology can be used to unite society, but it can also divide. Privacy and security are major concerns and related issues require policies that relate to Canada specifically. One particular aspect is the fact that Canada recognizes two major languages-English and French. Therefore, it is important that policies are accessible in both languages. Exactly what are the policies presently in place for Internet users Some areas in which policies have been introduced and are under review are in government online strategy, telecommunications, natural resources, advertising, and issues of personal privacy (Introduction, 2008). Government Online Strategy In 2001, the Canadian government acknowledged that policy should include a citizen focus involving Canadians in the "development, review and evaluation of policies, programs, services,

Impact of Prejudice and Discrimination in Canadian Society

Impact of Prejudice and Discrimination in Canadian Society Arjun Pasricha Introduction Words like prejudice and discrimination have become common terms and they are referred often in our daily life, such as media, books, news, casual conversations, and political discussions. Prejudice and discrimination have been in focus since 1960s and these issues have been researched extensively since the last few decades. This surge of interest to understand the impact of prejudice and discrimination in Canadian society has defined the purpose for this report and the report attempts to explore and examine a complete picture of prejudice and discrimination in the contemporary Canadian society. The report is built on sociological, anthropological and psychological perspectives and aims to examine prejudice and discrimination issues that emerge in Canadian social situations because of social interactions (Eriksen, 2010). The conceptualization of prejudice and discrimination, two forms of social bias have evolved over a period of time and are acknowledged as one of the greatest societal challenges because of their dreadful negative effects on the Canadian society. Presently, there is a universal consensus among all that prejudice and discrimination are one of the serious social issues in Canada and they typically appear together, prejudice is considered as the thought, while discrimination is the action (Dovidio, 2010). According to Driedger and Palmer (2011) prejudice and discrimination is always seen to intersect each other and manifests in many forms. For example, people may have prejudices against some groups and end up engaging in a discriminating manner with them. For instance, social pressures may subject prejudices against women and marginalized population and discriminate them in employment, education, or social services (Chin, 2009). Prejudice is defined as a construction of negative preconc eived beliefs, notions, feelings, attitudes, and opinions about a group of people or individuals, that may be felt or expressed, usually because of ethnicity, religion or race (Chin, 2009). On the other hand discrimination is defined as discouraging or negative treatment towards others because of their sex, gender, race, disability, sexual orientation, religion or belief and age (Dawson, 2013). The discrimination construct not only involves biased treatment , but also unacceptable and inequitable behaviour towards some individuals or some group members, that are excluded from society because of prejudice (Dovidio, 2010). Ageism and Society Ageism is considered as one of the most prevalent prejudices in the society and can be defined as the denial of basic human rights to elderly population (Gutman Spencer, 2010). Sociologists are of the view that people have stereotype prejudice view of older population in the society because of their age, which leads to discrimination. Often aging population experience prejudice in their workplace and typically society holds negative stereotypes for aging population. They commonly presume that old adults are senile, sad, lonely, incompetent, have poor physical or mental health, have conservative thinking, and rigid ideas or opinions. Employment discrimination against old age manifests in different ways, old adults who worked for the company in their younger years are pushed out as they grow older, on the other hand, companies may refrain from hiring old adults, and aging population are unable to get similar employment opportunities as younger population (Gunderson, 2003). Moreover, younger population have negative stereotype thinking that aging population have massive medical expenses and they are a drain on the Canadian system. (Edwards, 2002). Therefore, these negative stereotypes and discriminations can have detrimental effects on aging population. They feel they are being unreasonably blamed for being a burden on health care systems, the Canada Pension Plan and Old Age Security. Therefore, these negative impressions of society foster discrimination against aging population (Mei, et all, 2013). It is time for all of us as individuals to increase our awareness and question our negative stereotype thinking, relook at our assumption about aging and older population. We need to take extra care to reach out to them with an open mind and treat them as valued and important contributors of our Canadian society. Employers too need to value them and make efforts to understand diverse needs of aging population. Moreover, Canadian government has a continued focus on expanding their age inclusive policies that facilitate aging population to have a choice to lead their life to the fullest. Thus, there is a great need for our society as a whole to address the societal issue of ageism. Although, change may not happen overnight, but we all can take the responsibility to collectively build an age-inclusive society. Social Anthropology Perspective on History of Immigrants Immigration to Canada led to an increase in population of diverse cultures. Immigrants were from varied economic and ethnic backgrounds. However, this led to rise in disagreements regarding aspects such as economic benefits or employment for immigrants. This report focuses on social anthropological point of view to describe impact of prejudice and discrimination on immigrants on basis of their ethnicity and culture. Historically, early Canadian immigration policies were largely discriminative Prejudice and discrimination emerged in 17th and 18th centuries in Canada between Aboriginals, and French and European colonizers. Europeans and French viewed those Aboriginals as uncivilized and uncouth. In the 19th century Canada opened its immigration policy and a number of immigrants from other origins were seen. However, Canadians shared prejudices concerning the capabilities of the immigrant groups. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, whites considered themselves superior in front of nonwhite groups and nonwhites faced a great deal of social prejudice (Driedger Palmer, 2011). In the late 1800 and early 1900, Asian immigrants faced anti-Asian sentiments in British Columbia. They were considered inferior and were discriminated because of their willingness to work for lower wages than whites. Moreover, discriminatory social practices in British Columbia made Asians refrain from voting, practicing law, or careers with civil service. Numerous attempts were made by anti-Asians to prohibit Asians from studying in public schools (Driedger Palmer, 2011). Black Canadians also were subjected to extensive patterns of discrimination in the late 1900 and early 2000s in Nova Scotia and Ontario. They were forced to study in segregated schools, faced discrimination in housing, employment and use of public services. Moreover, on various occasions they were refused to be served in hotels or restaurants. Additionally, whites expressed prejudice toward Black Canadians and saw them as backward, ill-mannered, unaware, dishonest, violent, and law breakers (Driedger Palmer, 2011). After the Second World War, in response for human concern, Canada signed the United Nations charter on Universal Declaration of Human Rights in the year 1948 and The Canadian Bill of Rights was adopted in the 1960. This brought in new tolerance policies and helped to weaken the rigid relationships of prejudice and discrimination. The shift resulted in introduction of more unbiased immigration laws and by the 1970s globalization helped in greater inflow of multicultural immigrants (Driedger Palmer, 2011). Thus immigration policies and regulations have changed, mostly to eradicate overt discrimination on the basis of immigrants’ race or culture. Today Canadians are proud of being a tolerant society, where people of all different racial, ethnic, and national backgrounds live together harmoniously (Dion, 2002). An Ethnic Diversity Survey conducted in 2003 examined the ethnic and cultural backgrounds of Canadians and concluded that 93 per cent of population had never, or rarely, encountered discrimination or prejudice because of their ethnicity or cultural attributes. Nevertheless, some new immigrants did sometimes feel discriminated in personal, economic, social, or political situations (Driedger Palmer, 2011). References Chin, J. L. (2009). The psychology of prejudice and discrimination: A revised and condensed edition. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. Dawson, C. (2013). Prejudice: Reed Business Information Ltd. Dovidio, J. F. (2010). The Sage handbook of prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination. London: SAGE. Driedger, L. , Palmer, H. (2011). Prejudice and Discrimination. The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved on July 12, 2014, from http://www. thecanadianencyclopedia. ca/en/article/prejudice-and-discrimination/ Edwards, A. (2002). Its about time: A new campaign by the ontario human rights commission aims to advance rights for older citizens. Marketing Magazine, 107 (32), 12. Eriksen, T. H. (2010). Ethnicity and nationalism: Anthropological perspectives. New York; London: Pluto Press. Gunderson, M. (2003). Age discrimination in employment in canada. Contemporary Economic Policy, 21 (3), 318-328. doi: 10. 1093/cep/byg013 Gutman, G. , Spencer, C. (2010). Aging, ageism and abuse: Moving from awareness to action. San Diego: Academic Press. Mei, Z. , Fast, J. , Eales, J. (2013). Gifts of a Lifetime: The Contributions of Older Canadians. Retrieved on July 13, 2014, from http://www. rapp. ualberta. ca/~/media/rapp/Home/Documents/Gifts_of_a_Lifetime_2013Sep23. pdf Novak, M. W. , Campbell, L. D. (1993). Aging and society: A Canadian perspective. Scarborough, Ontario: Nelson Canada. Retrieved on July 12, 2014 from http://www. nelsonbrain. com/content/novak0043x_017650043x_02. 01_chapter01. pdf Lozen, J. C. Barratt, J. (2012). Revera report on ageism. Revera Inc. in partner-ship with Leger Marketing. Annotated Bibliography Chin, J. L. (2009). The psychology of prejudice and discrimination: A revised and condensed edition. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. Dawson, C. (2013). Prejudice: Reed Business Information Ltd. Dovidio, J. F. (2010). The Sage handbook of prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination. London: SAGE. Edwards, A. (2002). Its about time: A new campaign by the ontario human rights commission aims to advance rights for older citizens. Marketing Magazine, 107 (32), 12. Eriksen, T. H. (2010). Ethnicity and nationalism: Anthropological perspectives. New York; London: Pluto Press. Gunderson, M. (2003). Age discrimination in employment in canada. Contemporary Economic Policy, 21 (3), 318-328. doi: 10. 1093/cep/byg013 Gutman, G. , Spencer, C. (2010). Aging, ageism and abuse: Moving from awareness to action. San Diego: Academic Press.

Essay --

From scandalous to classy, the waltz is a famous type of traditional ballroom dancing that has greatly influenced dance styles around the world. Throughout history, this lovely couples’ dance waltzed through the hearts of millions of people of all backgrounds. Evolution of the waltz from the landler Although the waltz has been around for hundreds of years, the steps used today are not a part of the original dance. It is widely accepted that the exact origins of the waltz are fairly obscure. However, it is theorized that the waltz was a product of evolving from a dance called the â€Å"landler.† As like many other dances, the waltz has evolved with cultural advances. Before the waltz even existed, there was a couple’s dance called the â€Å"landler.† Styles of dancing were often influenced by the exchanges of dances between the royal court and the peasants. Often the people would mimic dances such as the Landler, and bring it to their class of people. As the Landler grew more and more popular, there was much controversy over whether or not to dance this in social settings. Because of the close body contract between the men and women, the Landler was seen as sinful and erotic. The church responded harshly, trying to forbid the Landler (Watson). Description and history of the landler Created in the countryside of Austria, the landler was a type of couple’s dance that became popular in the late eighteenth century when composers began creating music for dance halls. The dance is basically a slow version of the waltz with the man’s hands rested on the woman’s waist, and the woman’s hands on the man’s shoulders (Knowles). At the end of the song, it was typical during the landler for the man to throw the woman into the air and then catch her. Jo... ...r bar. It is not unusal to see a waltz pice with multiple melodies. Famous composers and songs of waltzing music The most talked about waltz music composer is an Austrian composer called Johann Strauss the Elder (1804 - 1849). Along with his talented orchestra, he created 152 compositions that proved to become very successful in not only the waltzing world, but also in classical music. Together, Strauss and Lanner helped bring popularity to the waltz by creating various melodies for the Viennese waltz (Nair.) Modern waltzing music As unconventional as it may be, there is also â€Å"pop waltz music.† Modern music artists that have created music in the waltzing time include Adele, Lifehouse, Kelly Clarkson, and Pink. Because of popular television shows such as â€Å"Dancing with the Stars,† modern waltzing music had made a more vital appearance in the music world. Conclusion

Miscommunication

Deborah Tannen once said, â€Å"Conversation between women and men is cross-cultural communication.† By this, she is trying to explain that both men and women speak in different manners. The same exact thing applies to age, ethnicity, gender, race, geography, subculture, language, and occupation. The way one perceives their words is distinguished by their past along with various other reasoning’s. It’s also part of our human nature to adapt to certain communication styles based on the ways we were brought up as children and the environments we stayed in throughout life. Beside communication, miscommunication also occurs with these differences in language. There are multiple things that can be misconstrued from daily conversations between people. One of the reasons this occurs is something as simple as slang. Certain words that can be completely harmless to some teenage subcultures can be a complete insult to someone of an older age. Diverse cultures also speak another way and have different ways of showing emotions, which also leads to miscommunications. One race that demonstrates that fact is Italians; they have the predisposition to raise their voice unknowingly even when only slightly agitated, leading a person to believe that they are truthfully irate. Social class is one more problem with miscommunications. Upper class citizens typically have the inclination to think as if they are speaking at a more knowledgeable level than possibly someone of a very low class who has not had as much education as the opposite. For that reason, occasionally the â€Å"lower class† individual feels as if the upper class citizen is acting as a superior in life to them, while making the â€Å"lower class† individual feel lesser than an equal. With that being said, miscommunications happen on a daily basis. It is a worldwide problem that affects millions of people, and is extremely common. Within time, with more research, and with more observation, we can learn more about the ways words can be misleading and work towards broadening the way we speak to others.

Johnny Depp as Edward Scissorhands Essay Essays

Johnny Depp as Edward Scissorhands Essay Essays Johnny Depp as Edward Scissorhands Essay Paper Johnny Depp as Edward Scissorhands Essay Paper Johnny Depp. besides known as Edward Scissorhands is the chief focal point of this film. Edward being an innovation â€Å"monster† as some might state. but he besides has a sort bosom for others. After the discoverer â€Å"Father† of Edward died he stayed inclosed in the house. go forthing him unfinished him holding scissors for custodies. he had become socially staccato. Looking into Edward’s eyes you can state he’s lost psyche being in trapped in a unwanted organic structure. Deserted in this House he calls place all entirely until one twenty-four hours. Peg. a adult female who sells Avon. flatboats in and takes him with her. Edward gentle but frightened doesn’t cognize what the universe had in shop for him. Bing entirely for every bit long as Edward was he desired the attending Peg gave him. i candidly think Tim Burtons chief focal point of this movie was to demo that you can’t judge a book by its screen. by demoing off Edwards alone qualities demoing his fascinating personality A ; loving bosom towards others. While easy astonishing the neighbours with his bush trimming and hair cutting accomplishments. Edward falls drastically in love with Peg’s girl Kim. but. KIm is dating the Jim who is merely really hateful to Edward. Jim ever pointed out that he could neer keep custodies with Kim without aching her. besides Edward being so socially disconnected from society.

Free Essays on The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer â€Å"Boys will be boys,† is a quote that best describes Tom Sawyer, in Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Tom is the typical American boy. He is always getting into something. Throughout the novel Tom matures into a young man. Tom was always a mischievous boy but he had a good heart. During a child’s adolescence he can mature from being a menace to a respectable man in society. Tom Sawyer was very immature at the beginning of the novel, but matured throughout his adventures. When Tom was in trouble and had to white wash his Aunt Polly’s fence, he used reverse psychology on his friends to make them want to do his work for him. Tom did not want to do the work, so he found a way to get someone to do it for him. This shows that he is smart, but that he is also very manipulative. Tom had an idol in one of his peers, Huckleberry Finn. Huck did whatever he wanted, whenever he wanted. He did not have to go to school, church or Sunday school if he did not want to. Tom and Huck became very good friends as the novel progressed. One night Tom and Huck decided to go to a graveyard to perform a ritual to get rid of warts, but they received more than they bargained for. The boys witnessed the murder of a young doctor that night. Injun Joe, the half-breed, was the murderer, however, he convinced Muff Potters, the town drunk, that he killed the young doctor. The boys are terrified by Injun Joe, so they made a pact not to say a word, â€Å"Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer swears they will keep mum about this and they wish they may fall down dead in their tracks if they ever tell and rot.† (Twain 70) Although this pact was made, Tom’s good or conscience comes into perspective. Tom cannot bear to let an innocent man hang. Tom breaks the pact with Huck and testifies in court. This shows great strength on Tom’s part. He went against his word, and risked facing Injun Joe. â€Å"When the half-... Free Essays on The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer Free Essays on The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Tom Sawyer â€Å"Boys will be boys,† is a quote that best describes Tom Sawyer, in Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Tom is the typical American boy. He is always getting into something. Throughout the novel Tom matures into a young man. Tom was always a mischievous boy but he had a good heart. During a child’s adolescence he can mature from being a menace to a respectable man in society. Tom Sawyer was very immature at the beginning of the novel, but matured throughout his adventures. When Tom was in trouble and had to white wash his Aunt Polly’s fence, he used reverse psychology on his friends to make them want to do his work for him. Tom did not want to do the work, so he found a way to get someone to do it for him. This shows that he is smart, but that he is also very manipulative. Tom had an idol in one of his peers, Huckleberry Finn. Huck did whatever he wanted, whenever he wanted. He did not have to go to school, church or Sunday school if he did not want to. Tom and Huck became very good friends as the novel progressed. One night Tom and Huck decided to go to a graveyard to perform a ritual to get rid of warts, but they received more than they bargained for. The boys witnessed the murder of a young doctor that night. Injun Joe, the half-breed, was the murderer, however, he convinced Muff Potters, the town drunk, that he killed the young doctor. The boys are terrified by Injun Joe, so they made a pact not to say a word, â€Å"Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer swears they will keep mum about this and they wish they may fall down dead in their tracks if they ever tell and rot.† (Twain 70) Although this pact was made, Tom’s good or conscience comes into perspective. Tom cannot bear to let an innocent man hang. Tom breaks the pact with Huck and testifies in court. This shows great strength on Tom’s part. He went against his word, and risked facing Injun Joe. â€Å"When the half-...

Ways of Understanding Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Ways of Understanding Organization - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that an organization is a collective set of individuals who work hand in hand with each other to bring the processes and activities to a conclusion which is for the betterment of the business enterprise and the people who work under its aegis. The organization is therefore dependent on how well its resources are being deployed and the manner in which success is achieved in entirety. It is significant to comprehend how the organizational value will come about more so when the employees are focused on getting the job done, making use of resources that are available at their disposal. The need of the time is to make sure that the organization remains firm in its stance and completes the tasks as and when required. Managing an organization is all the more necessary because it is broad in its vision and wide in its horizon. The need of the hour is to make sure that the organization remains staunchly driven to achieve its end goals and objectives , and geared to reach the echelon of success, but this can only be achieved when a logical sequence of processes and activities is undertaken. The organizational life is therefore dependent on how well the organization spends its entire duration, and this is marked by the differences in its processes, steps, and behaviors. All of these tasks are quintessential towards achieving what the organization deems as pivotal – profits pouring in for the long-term success of the business enterprise, which indeed is the organization itself. The organizational understanding is an important one and that too for all the right reasons. The organization brings with it immense satisfaction and joy for the workers and employees who give their best time and again. The management realms play a significant role in the shaping up of values and morals that are present within it. These values are intricate elements which signify growth and development across the board. It also pinpoints the basis of success that organizations comprise of and look forward to building as far as their relevant future realms are concerned. The organizational understanding is all the more pivotal because it discusses how well the organization is well-knitted within its own basis, and how it embodies the foundations of success which will be built upon with the changing time dimensions. The organizational understanding, therefore, banks on the solid premise of building up of the organization to reap rich dividends for it in the long run.

How science should inform drug policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

How science should inform drug policy - Essay Example It is proposed that there should definitely be more of the following: drug prevention for youth; drug intervention for young adults; and drug rehabilitation for older adults. This way, the prevalence of alcohol and drug abuse can be severely limited or possibly even eliminated to a certain extent in reaching out to various age groups. Drug policy in the UK definitely has the potential to be influenced by the scientific research that is being done by Robinson and Berridge, as well as George F. Koob and his own colleagues, too. Drug prevention for youth should be put into place in order to prevent young people from sustaining neural damage due to drug usage. Alcohol and drug usage can severely impair brain function and cause neurological damage that is irreversible. According to Sussman and Ames (2008), â€Å"Robinson and Berridges (1993, 2000) incentive- sensitization theory focuses on the influence of neural adaptation (ie, sensitization) to drugs and drug-conditioned stimuli as the underlying mechanism perpetuating drug use† (pp. 81). Obviously, one of the concerns that plagues parents and teachers is the possibility that youth are exposed to alcohol and drugs early on—and as such, they are worried that their young charges and students may fall prey to peer pressure. Not only that, but it is a worry that the use of alcohol and/or drugs will be, unfortunately, used in order to stave off problems associated with reducing alcohol and/or drug usage. Additionally, it is a fear that young people will turn to alcohol and/or other drugs for recreational purposes.

Benihana of Tokyo Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Benihana of Tokyo - Case Study Example However, a market research done by Rocky, the president of this hotel, pointed otherwise. Through this research, Rocky realized that many Americans do not trust meals that are prepared in enclosures that are not visible for the customer. Therefore, he ensured that the meals, especially the streak were prepared from a close proximity to the dining table so that customers would be in a position to watch as their meals are being prepared. This boosted the trust of the customers towards the firm. Unlike other typical restaurants which have 30% of their total space as back of the house, this restaurant has only 22% of the total space left as back of the house (Warner 34). This has increased the space available for the restaurant. Another factor that distinguished this restaurant from others within this locality was the fact that its chefs were all from the parent country, Japan. All of them were young unmarried individuals with high standards of training in hospitality industry. The mannerism of the restaurant, though American in all aspects, had a touch of the Japanese culture, a fact that made it stand out as uniquely cultural. Simply put, the operation of this restaurant is positively unique. The design choices of this restaurant have positive contributions to the general operative efficiencies. The decision to have the cooking area located close to the dining hall is not only meant to please the customers as they watch their meals being prepared, but it also enhances the efficiency. The cooking area is very close to the customers and therefore the process of serving is easier. As the president of this restaurant admits, this has enabled the management to cut down on the operative cost because it would require a relatively lesser labor as compared to a conventional kitchen location in typical hotels (Page 76). The decision to reduce the back space of the hotel has also improved efficiency of

Catcher in the Rye Essay Example for Free

Catcher in the Rye Essay Holden, the main character of the book Catcher in the Rye by J.D Salinger, had to face many conflicts during the story. These conflicts connect to him either by secondary character or by himself. Not only do this conflicts affect Holden, but if affects the people around him as well. Holden’s attitude became negative because of all the conflicts he faced. â€Å"The first thing you’ll probably ask is where I was born and how my lousy childhood was like†. During his childhood, he was alone with no close friends or family. This affected him because he felt excluded from the society. It also made him feel like he didn’t have any support so that made him go to the city by himself and get into trouble. He didn’t get any support from anyone so he wasn’t told what was wrong and what was right, that was why he smoked and drank. Also since he didn’t have a family who supported him so he never took the school seriously. He was kicked out of four schools because of his bad grades. (Evidence found in Pg. 1) â€Å"I slept in the garage the night he died, and I broke all the goddam windows with my fist, just for the hell of it†. Allies death affected him mentally. It made him very sad at the moment but after a time it made him aggressive and anti-social. (Evidence found in Chapter 5) He criticized everyone. He calls everyone a phony. Thinks other people are followers and are only tricking themselves. So he wants to rebel against the society because they’re making everyone a phony. This attitude made him see everyone in a bad way which made it very difficult for him to make friends. (Evidence found all over the book) He has a Self vs. Self battle throughout the whole book. He wants to be the same person but he doesn’t realize he’s changing. He likes the museum because it never changes. One part of him wants to be an adult (he drinks and smokes and always thinks of sex) while to other part of him rejects it rejects it as a phony. So as you can see, all these conflicts led to his bad, negative attitude. He became aggressive, rebel, and excluded. It also made him problematic and hard to understand. The conflicts implemented some psychological problems on Holden by making him increase his interest in alcohol and drugs.

Leadership styles example: Virgin

Leadership styles example: Virgin The term leadership can be defined as â€Å"influencing the activities of an organized group in its efforts towards goal setting and goal achievement (Buchanan and Huczynski, 2004, p.716). Leadership styles for that reason acts as a mean of motivation since employees are working collectively with management through delegation and empowerment. Consequently, ways in which employees are managed have an effect on their ability, motivation and attentiveness. Motivation is thus defined as â€Å"wanting to do something or wanting to achieve a certain result (Thompson and Machin, 2003, p.154). In my perception, motivation within a workforce is subsequently valuable given that it helps to increase productivity along with output over a period of time helping to meet business objectives. With reference to Virgin; a multinational company established by Richard Branson, his style of leadership is shown to entail certain characteristics in relation to the question seeing â€Å"all enterprises are linked by the single powerful central image of the founder and the characteristic red livery   (Mullins, 2010, p.37). Styles of management therefore are shown to influence motivation and perceptions within a workforce. Branson style is thus exposed to motivate; even though Virgin pays staff with low salaries, employees within Virgin complete work to a high standard to the extent employees are important projectors of the brand image. The suggestion of visionary, inspirational and participative style can therefore be considered as essential in motivating workforces in achieving their goals and in giving a good corporate reflection. A participative style of leadership is directed towards democratic management whereby managers permit workers to key in views or ideas transversely before making decisions. From experience, this seems essential in motivating depending on the type of organisation, here employees participate in the decision making process and feel part of the progression. According to Billsberry J â€Å"this style can thus lead to better quality decisions which are then more effectively implemented autocratic may stiffly creativity, not use available expertise and fail to establish motivation and commitment   (1996 p.43). Having a sense of entered ideas can add towards job satisfaction and allow management to listen to workers views and ideas. In good judgment, it is seen to enhance and increase motivation as workers enjoy work through a logic sense of contribution which is an intrinsic source of motivation (motivation from inside the individual). In addition, when I was working within a restaurant as a waitress, we were managed in an autocratic route, where everyone was given instructions on what tasks to perform without having any insights on decisions. In my opinion this was fundamental to motivate me as I knew what to do and what was expected of me, whereas the idea of participative would mean I wouldn be motivated as personally I am motivated by factors such as rewards e.g. money. In a situation where crucial decisions needed to be made, for example when lots of customers came in, decisions are made quicker than being participative as this slows down the business through consultation making it inflexible for management and patrons. De-motivation could therefore take place as customers may complain possibly having an impact on employees in the sense jobs aren „ ¢t done well. The reason why workers are motivated then depends on the type of organisation the business is. Within Virgin it could be viewed being participative is appropriate because of the nature of the industry. For instance, management at Virgin Atlantic and their cabin crew are there to be helpful and welcoming, a participative style could motivate as cabin crew are an important feature as well as feeling part of Virgin. Virgin shows aspect of a participative manner seeing that Branson stated â€Å"I have to be good at helping people run the individual businesses, and I have to be willing to step back. The company must be set up so it can continue without me (McDermott, 2010). By stepping back and encouraging participation workers would feel trust is being implemented upon them, effectively this could individually motivate as they feel valued. A sense of involvement also makes employees feel they are contributing to Virgin „ ¢s success. Nevertheless, although ideas are shared, management may not take any form of action to each proposal as workers have diverse views as well as it being difficult to implement all ideas. In planning for the organisational behaviour event (group activity) we had a participative style to which everyone contributed on what we were going to do. This leadership style was good in the sense members coming up with several ideas, during the process however; I felt this caused some minor confusion as during the night part of the group didn „ ¢t turn up, which could be reference to the range of ideas recommended. In improving the event, we should have assigned a leader with more direct control over the group; this for me would have motivated me more as fewer mistakes are made in relation to more control, though other people may prefer a participative style. An early idea on motivation in the 19th century was by Frederick Taylor who â€Å"was a believer in the rational economic concept of motivation workers would be motivated by obtaining the highest possible wages   (Mullins L, 2007, pg.43). An inspirational and visionary style may well be undermined in motivating as Frederick Taylor states workers are only motivated by money and it is a manager „ ¢s job to tell employees what to do. In supporting his judgment Taylor did an experiment with a group of workers linking altered factors with output, drawing up the conclusion money is linked to higher output. In this sense money could be seen as a vital way for motivating; if workers work harder and produce higher production, higher pay would be rewarded as a result, making employees achieve a set target. A participative, visionary and inspirational leadership is thus unessential in motivating workforces as in Taylor „ ¢s observation employees are motivated by monetary rew ards. Incorporating Taylor „ ¢s concept within Virgin could conversely motivate staff, as employees like high pay linked to performance. Except the negative aspect is quality of service may be affected as not all workers are liable to be motivated by money and would want visions along with inspirations to motivate. As a result if workers are unhappy the Virgin brand may be pretentious as Virgin cabin crew are an important projector of the brand image. Although scientific management is viewed as outdated and has been criticised for being too bureaucratic towards workers and the lack of flexibility involved, many organisations still use this as a mean of motivation as workers are motivated by extrinsic factors such as reward, which I personally am motivated by partially. Visionary leadership â€Å"involves having clear goals, being sensitive to stakeholder needs and interests and inspiring them with passion and determination   (Buchanan and Huczynski 2010 p.609). Richard Branson is disputed to have implemented visionary within virgin as he provides goals to employees on what Virgin is accomplishing, Virgin Records and Virgin Atlantic stated â€Å"corporations should put their employees ahead of customers and shareholders to build sustainable businesses   (Rex Mathew 18 November 2005), giving visions that Virgin couldn „ ¢t be successful without its employee, so would motivate as workers feel appreciated and have the visions to work towards their goals. In effect â€Å"visions seem to bring about confidence on the part of employees, confidence that instils in them a belief that they are capable of performing to their full potential   (Bennis and Goldsmith, 1997, p.108). By having clear goals employees feel motivated as they will kn ow what is expected of them as well as what they are capable of. In this sense visions are essential in bringing out the best within employees. According to Nanus â€Å"Vision, if properly selected and implemented, is so energizing that it in effect jump starts the future by calling forth the skills, talents and resources to make it happen   (Robbins, 2003 p.344). When applying idea of visions to my employment, this generally would motivate me as having a sense of direction makes me feel determined to achieve a certain goal set. For example, if my manager gave visions about sense of direction and where they are heading with enthusiasm this would inspire me to work harder to fulfil the satisfaction we may gain by accomplishing something. Just by managers stating their goals and the strategic action to achieve them would be a sense of vision personally. Inspirational in an organisation is a perceived importance as an online journal titled, The Role of Inspirational Leadership in Geographically Dispersed Teams â€Å"the positive relationship between inspirational leadership and individuals commitment to the team and trust in team members was strengthened in teams that were more dispersed suggesting that inspirational leaders are important in all contexts but that their importance is underscored in highly dispersed contexts   (Joshi, A, Lazarova, M. Liao, H, 2009). This illustrates inspirational leadership is vital during motivating as management relationship are strengthen with employees to feel appreciated by the company, making workers work hard in giving something back. In my view, by being motivated workers are more satisfied producing quality services and products which can be demonstrated at Virgin. Furthermore according to a survey conducted by the chartered management institute â€Å"The power to inspire is rated highes t and desirable leadership qualities. The inspirational leader connects with the led, appreciates the capabilities of others and through trust will unlock the power in others   (Mullins 2005 p. 304).In context, inspirational can motivate as when working in a group for my marketing presentation it was the inspirations of the group and the connection that motivated me personally as we had to work together to achieve a fine advertising campaign. Having inspirations from individuals motivated me to work harder as we all strived to achieve a good end result of the advertising campaign giving me self satisfaction. A participative, visionary and inspirational style of leadership isn „ ¢t necessarily essential in motivating, for example a content theory of motivation is Maslow „ ¢s hierarchy of needs; what motivates the individual. Workers need to satisfy their basic physiological needs such as pay and condition, individuals would then work towards each level to gain self satisfaction in the form of motivation. When applying this conjecture to Virgin, the strength of Maslow „ ¢s theory is individuals have basic needs so applies to the majority. In theory, this resonance an effective way to motivate staff within Virgin as employees could fulfil their needs slowly working towards self actualization, for example a cabin crew may work hard to gain promotion. Yet, when applying Maslow „ ¢s theory into practice, it could be a difficult process as different people have diverse needs as well as the theory being too simplistic, which may be hard to apply within an organisa tion. If this presumption was applied to my job, it wouldn „ ¢t really work for me as it isn „ ¢t a job I want to be in for a time period, therefore I wouldn „ ¢t work to self actualization but personally money, as a result, some levels would motivate me in the short term though not in the long term; in future a job that motivates me personally is something of interest to me. In talking about motivation, the human relations theory can be shown to motivate in regard to leadership styles. The human relation theory has its heredity in the Hawthorne study conducted in the late 1920 „ ¢s and into the early 30 „ ¢s by Elton Mayo; employees were now accepted as having social needs and interests, not as being motivated machines visualized by Taylor. The suggestion of â€Å"participative, visionary and inspirational style of leadership is essential to effectively motivate the workforce   can then be deduced as Elton Mayo experiment showed having an interest in workers boosted their motivation level even if it was only changing lighting settings, it also outlines importance of teamwork in an organisation. When applying this theory into Virgin, the repercussion shows employees would be motivated; in the lecture a video was shown when Richard Branson visited his stores which he talks to employees and takes an interest in them, in return employees are more motivated as Virgin pays staff with a low wage, however staff produces work to a high standard to the degree it is a valuable brand name in society. In conclusion, participative, visionary and inspirational is seen to effectively motivate, however because of convolution in different organisations and ways in employees are organised/ managed other methods are shown to motivate as alternatives to leadership styles. If Virgin were to adapt the characteristic as stated, the outcome may be a quantity of employees will perhaps not feel as motivated in comparison as all workers are different. The theories of motivation are thus dissimilar to management in practice; a theory may sound good in principle, but when applying to organisations there will be issues arising such as employees having different needs and because of this are motivated by different aspects. In addition, not all motivation of employees is to be achieved because of dissimilar desires. Businesses therefore need to consider employee motivation as an important process in achieving their objectives. MODULE FEEDBACK FORM Reference list Bennis W and Goldsmith J. (1997) Learning to lead, page 108 Billsberry J (ed.) (1996) The effective manager: perspectives and illustrations, page 43 Buchanan and Huczynski (2004) Organizational behaviour an introductory text, fifth edition, page716 Buchanan and Huczynski (2010) Organizational behaviour, seventh edition, page609 Joshi A, Lazarova M Liao H (2009) Getting Everyone on Board: The Role of Inspirational Leadership in Geographically Dispersed Teams. Organization Science, 20(1), 240-252. [Online]Retrieved from Business Source Complete database, Available from: http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=1hid=8sid=5fb20d14-bd45-4d39-8de5-204dcc9235f8%40sessionmgr14bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=bthAN=36606878#db=bthAN=36606878 [Last accessed 5th Nov 2010] Mathew R (2005) Put employees first: Sir Richard Branson. Available: http://www.domain-b.com/people/in_the_news/20051118_richard_branson.html [Last accessed 13th Dec 2010] McDermott, F (ed.) (2010) To be a Leader: lessons from Richard Branson and Jesus Christ. Available: http://mcdermottsmiscellany.blogspot.com/search/label/Richard%20Branson. [Last accessed 4th Nov 2010] Mullins L. (2005) Management and organisational behaviour, seventh edition, page 304 Mullins L. (2007) Management and organisational behaviour, eighth edition, page 43 Mullins L. (2010) Management and organisational behaviour, ninth edition, page 37 Robbins S. (ed.) (2003) Organizational behaviour, tenth edition, page 344 Thompson and Machin (2003) AS business studies, page 154

Hurricanes A-level :: essays research papers

Ø  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Caribbean region and the South Eastern United States of America are regularly subjected to the impact of tropical hurricanes; (A)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Briefly outline characteristics of such hurricanes. The hurricanes that occur over the Caribbean region and the United States of America usually eventuate between August and October. For these hurricanes to occur the surrounding ocean temperatures must be minimal, also there must be a prolonged spell of equable temperature, pressure and humidity in the lower troposphere in conjunction with anti-cyclonic conditions in the upper troposphere. These conditions cause intense low pressure and strong winds at the earth’s surface. For their to be enough energy for the hurricane to move, it is essential that there is a considerable source of heat. This is necessary to maintain a consistent supply of rising air in the form of currents. There needs to be a large supply of moisture, as it is necessary for condensation to take place in order to release latent heat and it is the latent heat that initiates the development of the storm and consequently produces heavy rainfall. When the hurricane reaches its maturity an eye develops in the centre, in the eye there is a relative area of subsiding pressure. Which is what causes clear skies, anomalous high temperatures and light winds. Eventually the eye disappears as a result of the descending air increasing instability, which in turn warms and increases the storms intensity. Around the eye there are towering Cumulo-nimbus clouds. The hurricanes decline as soon as the source of heat is lost/or removed. Although it can take between 9 and 15 days for this to happen. Winds immediately around a hurricane’s ‘eye’, which is usually about 32km (20 miles) across, reach more than 300 km/h (190 mph). But in the eye itself seen in the centre of the spiral-the weather is clear and calm. (B)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Identify the various types of damage caused by the passage of these hurricanes CATEGORY 1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Winds 118-152 Km/hour (64-82 Knots). Damage primarily to shrubbery, trees, poorly constructed signs, and unanchored mobile homes. No significant damage to other structures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Storm surge 1-1.5m above tide. Low lying coastal roads inundated, minor pier damage, some small craft in exposed anchorages torn from moorings. CATEGORY 2   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Winds 154-176 Km/hour (83-95 Knots). Considerable damage to shrubbery and tree foliage; some trees blown down. Extensive damage to poorly constructed signs. Major damage to exposed mobile home. Some damage to exposed mobile homes. Some damage to roofing materials of buildings; some window and door damage.

Misconception of African Americans Essay

Since the beginning of time African Americans have been viewed negatively. We have always been viewed as a threat to society and frowned upon by many races. There are many cliches displayed in the media of what African Americans are supposed to act like. These conclusions cause almost immediate negative feelings from other races and sometimes by our own race. African American females in television shows and movies are often shown as the loud â€Å"ghetto† acting, angry black girl who is always â€Å"telling someone off†. Actor Tyler Perry has been criticized for illustrating African American females as â€Å"big momma†, another negative portrayal of black women. Other times shapely video vixens cause other black females to be portrayed as â€Å"jump-offs† or gold diggers. African American males have even greater judgments to overcome. They are viewed as a menace to society. They are illustrated as wild, angry, dangerous â€Å"gang bangers†. Black men are viewed as absentee fathers or abusive husbands. Although, in some cases, African American males do possess some of these characteristics, there are just as many black men that are positive role models. These ignorant judgments are called stereotypes. A stereotype is defined as â€Å"a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing†. Stereotypes, in my own words, are judgments blindly made by people who use ignorance as an excuse to be biased against those who are different from them. There are many different types of stereotyping. Racial stereotyping, sexist stereotyping, stereotypes about cultures, and sexual orientation stereotypes are all judgments that can affect one’s life in many ways. Stereotypes are, sadly, made by everyone. Racial stereotyping, however, is the most common type of stereotyping, and can sometimes be dangerous. The Trayvon Martin story, for example, is a situation where stereotyping turned tragic. Trayvon Martin was a young African American boy who was walking from the store with nothing but Skittles and a drink in his pockets. Because of his race, and the stereotype of what black Males are capable of, he was targeted, and tragically killed. There have been many similar cases of dangerous stereotyping. People’s fear of what the media shows we are suited to do, has gotten out of control. Too many of us are dying because of this fear. While many stereotypes do seem to be believable, people like Barack Obama, Michelle Obama, my grandparents, and my mom allow me to realize that not all stereotypes are true.

The United States of Inefficiency essays

The United States of Inefficiency essays The United States of America is typically portrayed as one of the top countries in the world with an amazing economy, society, and political structure. This trifecta should create an environment conducive to societal interaction with and within politics, but has worked against its own interests. Our political system affects every citizen within the country as it provides them with a myriad of services; military protection, regulatory committees to protect our markets, and a Congressional and Executive branch to react to both internal and external stimuli on a world scale. Reasonable taxes are a small price to pay for such encompassing protection for you and your family; past, present and future. With literally everything from political relationships, to our markets, to our understanding of math and sciences changing before our very eyes, it's to be expected that Americans would want a dynamic system to adequately react and prepare for further changes in the world structure not only b y building upon what we have, but by tearing down old and unpopular legislature. Unfortunately American politics has begun to stagnate at an impressive rate. Politicians have never been so dramatically separated along party lines in American History since the Civil War, and legislative advancement has been at its slowest in recent history. There is a debate right now as to whether the inefficiencies of our political efforts are due to our electorates or the system they're placed in to, when both are the issue. The American political system historically works, but years of politicians on both sides working to maintain their incumbency has created a debacle in which our government is as corrupted as those creating it. The Republican Party in the United States typically stands for more conservative values. They wish to reduce the state of government welfare, expand military influence and reduce overall government size and market interference. The Republica...